
å ߱ ̽Ʈ ߱ پ ȸ ֱ Ϲε ϱ ߱ ٴ м̴. 16 19 ʹ ߱ ȸ縦 19 Ĺݰ 20 ٴȭ Ÿ ȭ ٴȭ , ߱ η õ Ըϰ ִ.Ž ȸ α ٷ鼭 Դ , ΰ ȸ踦 мϰ, ٴ ƴ϶ ȸ ȭ, ư ȸ ο 鿡 ̸ ϰ ٷ ִ. ٷ ȸ о, ڴ ӿ ġǷ ϰ Ըν 400Ⱓ ߱ 縦 ġ 縦 ϰ ִ. å Ͽ ٷ ִµ , ߱ ٴȭ 簡, ߱ ٴȭ ߴ° ϸ鼭 ϰ ϰ ִ.

1929 ¾ 1963 Ϲп ڻ ߴ. ָ̿ ϸ̴뿡 ߽ ߱ 縦 ϴ republican china âϱ ߴ. δ the abortive revolution: china under nationlist rule ִ.

01. α : 002. 003. ΰž : , 004. : 005. 20 ; ' ȭ' 006. ûô : ܰ 007. ûô : ΰ? 008. 009. ٴ ο ȸ 010. ȸ ο : а, , 011. ; Ӱ ȭ